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Ultrasound transducer matching layer and backing
Release time:
2025-03-12 09:39
Matching Layer: An acoustic material layer applied to the radiating surface of the transducer crystal to match the acoustic impedance between the transducer crystal and the acoustic medium, allowing sound energy to pass through well. Generally, the layer thickness is one-quarter wavelength, and the acoustic impedance is the geometric mean of the acoustic impedance of the crystal and the acoustic medium. It is also known as a transition layer, acoustic lens, or protective film. For complex transducers, the matching layer can consist of multiple quarter-wavelength thick layers with appropriate acoustic impedance, as shown in the figure below.
Probe Backing: A sound-absorbing block bonded to the back surface of the piezoelectric crystal used in the probe. Its purpose is to absorb the useless sound waves radiated from the back of the crystal, reduce the Q value of the probe, and improve its pulse response. In general, this will be accompanied by a corresponding decrease in probe sensitivity. Commonly used sound-absorbing blocks are made of epoxy resin, tungsten powder epoxy with appropriate curing agents and plasticizers according to a certain formula, as shown in the figure below.
High-Impedance Backing Method for Ultrasonic Probes
Materials with acoustic impedance exceeding 10*105 Pa.s/m can be classified as high-impedance backing. To achieve an acoustic impedance similar to that of the piezoelectric element, there are two methods.
1. Mix tungsten powder with high-ductility metal powder, then apply high-pressure processing to force the ductile metal into the gaps between the tungsten powder particles, forming bonding force at the interface between the two; or mix tungsten powder with thermoplastic plastic powder thoroughly and then hot-press it into shape.
2. Impregnation Method: The tungsten powder is pressed into a tightly packed state, then immersed in liquid thermosetting resin, and heated and cured after complete impregnation.
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