Installation and Troubleshooting of Ultrasound Equipment

　I. Installation of Ultrasound Machine

　　(1) Room Environment Requirements

　　The ultrasound room should be chosen in a clean and tidy environment, away from power-consuming equipment such as boiler rooms and large X-ray equipment. Generally, it is installed together with the functional examination equipment for convenient patient examination.

　　(2) Room Requirements

　　The ultrasound room should have a buffer room, with one room inside as the machine room and the other outside as the workroom. It should be equipped with an air conditioning unit with sufficient heating and cooling capacity according to the room area and the number of staff and machines to ensure the temperature and humidity of the machine room. Generally, the temperature of the ultrasound room is controlled at around 25℃; the humidity is controlled at (50～60)%.

　　(3) Power Supply and Grounding Requirements

　　The ultrasound machine must be installed with a purified voltage regulator, and other types of voltage regulators are not recommended. The power supply should have sufficient capacity according to the power requirements of the ultrasound machine. Generally, a purified voltage regulator with double the power of the machine can be selected. At the same time, a protective grounding wire is required, and the grounding resistance of the protective grounding wire should be no more than 2Ω. For rooms without protective grounding wires, a dedicated grounding wire must be installed to ensure electrical safety.

　　(4) Debugging of the Ultrasound Machine

　　After the machine is in place, first check and measure whether the voltage of the purified voltage regulator is accurate and normal. Second, check whether the connectors and circuit boards are loose, displaced, or damaged during transportation; check whether the monitor is abnormally damaged. These checks are necessary. If no problems are found in these checks, power on and observe the initial operating state of the machine: adjust the brightness and contrast of the monitor, and then test the various functions and displays of the machine step by step. New machines do not require any adjustments to work; for used machines that are reinstalled, some necessary checks are needed, such as the working condition of the probe. Basic test methods can be used to check whether the probe is abnormal. If conditions permit, a test module can be used to check the overall sensitivity, signal gain, noise, and linearity.

　　II. Inspection of Circuit Boards in Ultrasound Machine

　　1. First, carefully observe whether there are any abnormalities in various components on the circuit board, such as burning, breakage, or deformation.

　　2. Observe the condition of all solder joints on the circuit board, checking for any unsoldering, breakage, burnt or corroded printed circuits, or moisture.

　　3. Check the cables and connecting plugs and sockets for any open circuits, short circuits, or poor contact.

　　4. After checking all the above aspects, judge and locate the corresponding circuit part according to the fault phenomenon.

　　III. Component Requirements for Ultrasound Machines

　　1. The replaced components must meet the machine's required Specification and Model.

　　2. The replaced components must be of guaranteed quality, stable and reliable performance, and preferably screened.

　　3. When replacing components and soldering circuit boards, pay special attention to the temperature, ensuring that the components can be soldered without damaging the circuit board. Do not forcibly remove components before the solder is completely melted to avoid damaging the circuit board.

　　4. For new components, in addition to meeting the required Specification and Model, pay attention to their size and whether there is enough space.

　　5. For substitute components, be sure to understand the function of the component. Mastering hardware knowledge will make substitution more convenient.

　　IV. Ultrasound Fault Example 1

　　Fault Phenomenon: No raster or image on the screen

　　Cause of Failure:

　　(1) ±5V, ±12V power supply failure;

　　(2) Full TV signal failure;

　　(3) Monitor failure.

　　Troubleshooting:

　　(1) Check the corresponding voltage values of the power supply and measure ±5V, ±12V to Confirm whether the power supply voltage is normal.

　　(2) Locate the full TV signal. The best way is to use another monitor and connect it with a video cable to see if there is a full TV signal. If there is a full TV signal and the ultrasound image is normal, it indicates that the monitor is faulty; if there is still nothing, the video output part should be checked.

　　V. Ultrasound Troubleshooting 2

　　Fault Phenomenon: Raster on the screen, but no image, no grayscale, no scale

　　Cause of Failure:

　　(1) System clock stopped;

　　(2) ADC circuit failure;

　　(3) Monitor failure.

　　Troubleshooting:

　　(1) This fault phenomenon indicates that the monitor's horizontal and vertical scanning is normal. For no image, the video part should be checked first. If the monitor itself is not problematic, check whether the video output is normal.

　　(2) Measure the waveform at the measurement points IC1G-10 and J203-1 in the system clock circuit.

　　(3) Locate the ADC circuit.

　　VI. Ultrasound Troubleshooting 3

　　Fault Phenomenon: Image is abnormally distorted or rolling

　　Cause of Failure:

　　(1) Unstable system clock;

　　(2) Full TV signal level is too high or too low;

　　(3) TV signal failure.

　　Troubleshooting:

　　The image is abnormally distorted or rolling mainly due to two problems: one is caused by problems in the system clock part, and the other is caused by the full TV signal level. When encountering these two situations, first check whether the full TV signal is normal, use an oscilloscope to measure the full TV signal to see if there are any abnormalities, especially the high and low levels, and then look for system clock problems. The fault should be relatively limited.

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