Ultrasonic Microprobe

I. Overview:

Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) was first successfully used in animal experiments in 1980 by Dimagno et al. in the United States, who combined a gastroscope with ultrasound to create an electronic linear array esophageal endoscope (10MHz). In the same year, Abloka and Olympus collaborated to produce a mechanical rotating ultrasound endoscope. Subsequent improvements led to the use of fully digital ultrasound systems in endoscopic ultrasound examinations in the 21st century, enhancing image resolution. The ability to perform 3D reconstruction marked a milestone breakthrough for EUS. Unlike conventional endoscopy, EUS not only directly observes the morphology and lesions on the mucosal surface of the lumen, but also performs real-time ultrasound scanning to obtain ultrasound images of the layered structure of the digestive tract wall, the origin and extent of the lesion, and the surrounding organ tissue structure and lesions. In recent years, with the advent of high-resolution ultrasound images from EUS, we can also precisely use EUS to insert puncture needles into specific sites around the digestive tract for cytological and histological examinations and treatments, solving some difficult cases that could not be clarified or treated by previous methods. EUS is an organic combination of endoscopy and ultrasound technology, opening up new avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of digestive diseases.

II. Indications and Characteristics of Ultrasound Microprobe:It provides ultra-high frequency of 12-20MHz, making the sonogram of the digestive tract wall clearer, suitable for identifying the depth of invasion of submucosal tumors smaller than 2cm and differential diagnosis and early diagnosis of small submucosal tumors.

Schematic diagram of the ultrasound microprobe structure:

FujifilmSP-702Small Probe Operation Equipment:

Fujifilm SP-702 Ultrasound Small Probe Drive Equipment:

Five-layer structure of the digestive tract wall and ultrasound presentation:

III. Advantages of Ultrasound Microprobe:

1. High frequency, high near-field image resolution;

2. Maintains the natural state of the digestive tract wall, suitable for fine observation of digestive tract lesions;

3. Easy to operate and learn.

IV. Disadvantages of Ultrasound Microprobe:

1. Poor penetration, unclear far-field display, not suitable for observation of lesions outside the digestive tract wall;

2. Water injection operation is cumbersome and has the risk of aspiration;

3. Digestive tract lesions larger than 2cm are not suitable for ultrasound microprobe;

4. Limited exploration depth, suitable for digestive tract wall lesions less than 2cm;

5. Color Doppler examination cannot be performed;

6. There is subjectivity of the operator.

V. Preparation before Ultrasound Microprobe Operation:

1. Fully understand the medical history and other examination data;

2. Prepare degassed water or distilled water, pay attention to water temperature adjustment;

3. Endoscope (with water injection or large-channel endoscope);

4. Ultrasound equipment, aspirator, water pump and other auxiliary equipment;

5. Briefly introduce the examination procedure and significance to the patient to obtain full cooperation and maintain a suitable position;

6. Patient preparation is basically the same as gastroscopy;

7. Use sedatives and antispasmodics as appropriate, intravenous general anesthesia should not be used.

VI. Operation Methods of Ultrasound Microprobe in Various Parts:

1. Esophagus: Direct contact method is used for the upper esophagus; continuous water injection method is used for the middle and lower esophagus;

2. Stomach: Continuous water injection method is used for the cardia; water immersion method is used for the fundus and upper part of the body; continuous water injection method is used for the middle and lower part of the body, gastric angle, and pylorus; direct contact method or continuous water injection method is used for the pylorus;

3. Duodenum: Continuous water injection method is used for all segments of the duodenum;

4. Duodenal papilla: Direct contact method;

5. Bile duct and pancreatic duct: Direct contact method;

6. Lower digestive tract: Water immersion method is mostly used; continuous water injection method can also be used for high lesions; direct contact method is used for the anus.

[Note]:During the micro-ultrasound probe examination, it is usually necessary to change the patient's position to obtain the best image.

VII. Precautions for Insertion and Withdrawal of the Ultrasound Microprobe:

1. It can be moistened with water before insertion, or a small amount of water can be injected into the lumen;

    2. Insert the handheld probe; the handheld part should not be too far from the biopsy cap.

    3. Extend the small probe about 40m from the forceps channel.

      4. The host should be frozen during the insertion and extraction of the small probe.

    5. Straighten the curved part of the endoscope during the insertion and extraction of the small probe.

    6. The endoscope with a lifting forceps should be in a natural state.

This information comes from the internet. Please contact us for deletion if there is any infringement.