Medical endoscope fault repair

With the development of science and technology, medical endoscopes have been widely used in the medical field. They are one of the important tools for human observation and treatment of internal organs. Common malfunctions in medical endoscopes often include the light source system, artificial pneumoperitoneum system, liquid pressure system, electrocoagulation and electrosection system, power and ablation system, and irrigation and aspiration system. Below, we will discuss how to solve these problems.

(1) Common Malfunctions of the Light Source System

(a) Dim light. Except for the reasons of the light grating being blocked, it can be almost certain that the bulb is nearing the end of its lifespan. Replacing the bulb will solve this problem. The lifespan of a xenon bulb is generally designed to be 500 hours. If the light source system has a lifespan timing device, this problem is easy to solve.

(b) The bulb does not light up when powered on. If the bulb is not burnt out, the problem often lies in the high-voltage ignition circuit of the host machine, because when the machine is switched on, it will generate a pulsed high voltage of tens of thousands of volts, and the components will age especially quickly. Note that a multimeter cannot be used to check the pulsed high voltage.

(2) Common Malfunctions of the Artificial Pneumoperitoneum System

(a) Incorrect pressure display. This is often due to damage to the gas pressure sensor. If the machine is designed with a group of multiple differential pressure sensors working simultaneously, generally when one ages or is contaminated and cannot work, we should replace all sensors in this group. Otherwise, if only one is replaced, the lifespan of the other sensors in the same group is also close to the critical point.

(b) Inaccurate flow rate. Replace the damaged gas flow sensor. Sometimes, the flow rate is calculated through differential pressure. In this case, we need to replace the differential pressure sensor.

(c) Equipment leakage. In many cases, this is caused by aging of the instrument seals. However, there are also reasons such as leakage of the equipment's mechanical pressure reducing valve and damage to the solenoid valve, which are relatively easy to identify and repair.

(3) Common Malfunctions of the Liquid Pressure System

(a) Peristaltic pump damage.

(b) Damage to the liquid pressure sensor. Its principle is basically the same as that of the gas pressure sensor.

(c) Internal circuit damage of the equipment.

(4) Common Malfunctions of the Electrocoagulation and Electrosection System

(a) Damage to equipment accessories. For example, foot switches, negative electrode wires, and connecting wires which are commonly used and easily damaged accessories.

(b) Electrosection, electrocoagulation, bipolar malfunctions. Inside the device, these parts are composed of different circuit modules. We can repair or replace the corresponding module circuits according to the failure phenomenon.

(5) Common Malfunctions of the Power and Ablation System

(a) The power system mainly involves wear and tear of the cutting head and problems with the high-energy motor in the cutting handle. The replacement of the motor is selective, and not every motor has replacement parts. Therefore, extra care should be taken to protect it during disinfection and use.

(b) In surgical applications, the ablation system mainly involves the wear and tear of the cutting head. Equipment malfunctions are mostly circuit failures, generally starting from the output section.

(6) Common Malfunctions of the Irrigation and Aspiration System

(a) Insufficient pressure or suction. Aging of the bidirectional pump in the equipment, or leakage of the negative pressure bottle.

(b) The equipment cannot be powered on. This is usually due to liquid entering the equipment. If the relevant components are not burnt out, cleaning the wrongly aspirated liquid is sufficient.

To minimize equipment malfunctions, a dedicated laparoscopic operating room should be set up to reduce instrument movement and damage. A dedicated laparoscopic nurse should be assigned for use and maintenance. The laparoscopic nurse should be fully familiar with the instrument's performance, structural characteristics, and correct usage, strictly adhere to the operating procedures, and focus on the three aspects of pre-operative inspection, intraoperative troubleshooting, and post-operative maintenance. If there is a problem with the equipment, emergency repairs should be carried out first, as this can solve 85% of minor malfunctions.

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