Medical imaging equipment repair methods

Medical instruments and equipment are essential resources for medical institutions and reflect their overall strength. Examples include CT, MRI, DSA, and ultrasound diagnostic instruments. These expensive medical imaging devices play a vital role in the development of a medical institution. However, medical imaging equipment requires significant investment, high precision, and complex systems. Strict requirements are placed on the working environment, installation, and usage. To maintain optimal operating conditions and fully utilize their effectiveness, proper maintenance and repair of medical instruments and equipment are crucial.

1. Maintenance and upkeep of instruments and equipment

Maintenance and upkeep of instruments and equipment is divided into daily maintenance and regular maintenance.

The daily maintenance tasks generally include:

① Cleaning of the equipment room and instruments: Pay attention to adjusting the temperature and humidity of the equipment room to maintain stability.

② Check the mechanical rotation of the machine and whether all components are functioning normally, and whether the water, gas, and oil passages are unobstructed.

③ Check if all parts of the instrument control panel and the displayed parameters are normal.

④ Use the instrument's self-test program to check the status of various parts of the instrument, and pay attention to any abnormal odors, sounds, etc. during instrument operation, so that work can be carried out purposefully.

⑤ Supervise and check whether instrument users have any violations of operating procedures.

Regular maintenance is planned maintenance of instruments and equipment, generally divided into three levels.
Level 1 maintenance can be performed once a month or once a quarter. In addition to daily maintenance, it includes removing dust, dirt, and foreign objects from the machine, adding lubricants, checking for looseness, wear, deformation, aging, or breakdown of components, and checking the operation and contact of power and high-voltage components.

Level 2 maintenance is generally performed once every 0.5 to 1 year. It mainly involves testing, calibrating, and metrological verification of the sensitivity and accuracy of various instruments and control systems on the main control console, replacing consumables, and performing system testing and experiments on the voltage at various test points in the circuit.

Level 3 maintenance is generally performed once every 2 to 3 years. Depending on the situation, the entire machine can be disassembled for cleaning and repair. Components that have exceeded their service life should be replaced or repaired as much as possible. At the same time, the instruments and equipment should undergo thorough and comprehensive debugging to restore their original accuracy and performance.

2. Troubleshooting of instruments and equipment

Troubleshooting methods for instruments and equipment:

① Implement a responsibility system for instruments and equipment, assigning specific individuals to handle them. Simple faults should be resolved promptly. For more complex faults, organize relevant personnel to analyze the fault, develop effective and feasible solutions, and assign professional personnel to implement them.

② Fault handling procedure: Clarify the cause of the fault, understand the working principle of the instrument and equipment, analyze and determine the location of the fault, and systematically troubleshoot it. Finally, repair or replace components and complete partial and overall debugging.

③ Specific practices and principles to be followed for repairs: Ask first, then diagnose; observe visually first, then inspect; check comprehensively first, then locally; check the transmission first, then the circuit; check the external parts first, then the chips; check the control first, then the data; determine the nature first, then the quantity; the fault location is usually more likely to be in the mechanical part than the electrical part; the high-voltage part more than the low-voltage part; the high-temperature part more than the low-temperature part; the power supply part more than the main body part; the moving part more than the stationary part; the plug-in part more than the fixed part; the resistive components more than the semiconductor components; the analog circuit more than the digital circuit.

Fault detection generally uses: visual inspection, measurement, tapping, comparison, substitution, temperature variation, signal tracing, signal input, forward and backward tracing, and load isolation methods.

3. How to repair instruments and equipment without circuit diagrams

First of all, maintenance engineers must have a certain theoretical level and foreign language foundation to ensure the smooth progress of maintenance work. Based on years of practical experience, some methods have been explored for reference.

(1) Flowchart analysis method: Based on the flowchart and basic principles in the operation manual, one can generally understand the internal structure, wiring, signal transmission methods, and functions of the instrument and equipment. Combined with the operating procedures, fault prompts, adjustment methods given in the manual, and the test points given on the circuit board of the instrument and equipment, using an oscilloscope and other instruments to check the output signals, waveforms, and other data, through repeated and detailed checks, the repair goal can be achieved.

(2) Troubleshooting methods: When an instrument malfunctions, do not rush to disassemble it. The principle of proceeding from easy to difficult and from outside to inside should be followed step by step. Many faults are caused by vibration, dust, etc., and are manifested as intermittent malfunction of the instrument and equipment. For such faults, poor contact should be considered first, and methods such as dust removal, pressing, tapping, and plugging and unplugging can be used to locate the fault.

(3) Using the instrument's self-test system to troubleshoot: Modern medical imaging instruments and equipment use computer system software programs to detect the working status of the instrument and display the cause of the fault in the form of codes. Using this system, it is also relatively easy to find the fault location and cause and eliminate general faults.

(4) Using an oscilloscope and other instruments to find faults: To find faults in instruments and equipment without circuit diagrams, the above two devices are essential for locating the fault range and components, enabling component-level repair.

4. Summary

Medical imaging diagnostics has become one of the important means of modern disease diagnosis. Acquiring medical images of patients through imaging equipment is an important method for diagnosing diseases today. The medical image information acquired and processed by imaging equipment has become an important basis for doctors and experts to diagnose and research diseases. How to comprehensively solve the problems of storage, archiving, statistics, data sharing, management, and communication of image data is particularly important in image management work.

Modern medicine is increasingly dependent on medical equipment. Whether the medical instruments and equipment are operating normally directly affects the medical, teaching, and research work of medical institutions, and is also directly related to the service quality and efficiency of medical institutions. Everyone must pay attention to this.

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